{"id":13583,"date":"2022-06-22T10:37:37","date_gmt":"2022-06-22T03:37:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hostify.vn\/blog\/?p=13583"},"modified":"2022-06-22T10:37:37","modified_gmt":"2022-06-22T03:37:37","slug":"bao-mat-ssl-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hostify.vn\/blog\/bao-mat-ssl-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt SSL l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00f3 n\u00ean d\u00f9ng SSL hay kh\u00f4ng?"},"content":{"rendered":"

B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt SSL l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00f3 n\u00ean d\u00f9ng SSL hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"B\u1ea3o<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt SSL l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n

SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng m\u00e3 ho\u00e1 gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh ri\u00eang t\u01b0 v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. SSL \u0111ang d\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1edfi TLS (Transport Layer Security), nh\u01b0ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef SSL v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. HTTPS l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a HTTP v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi website \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL\/TLS \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp k\u00eanh k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i an to\u00e0n t\u1edbi server.<\/p>\n

SSL gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin truy\u1ec1n qua m\u1ea1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch m\u00e3 ho\u00e1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi truy\u1ec1n \u0111i, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. SSL s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c danh t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n t\u1edbi \u0111\u00fang m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web.<\/p>\n

TLS l\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a SSL v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i h\u01a1n hi\u1ec7n nay. Tuy nhi\u00ean, thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef SSL v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea3 hai giao th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y. HTTPS l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a HTTP v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi website \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL\/TLS \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp k\u00eanh k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i an to\u00e0n t\u1edbi server.<\/p>\n

\"B\u1ea3o<\/p>\n

SSL\/TLS ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\n

SSL\/TLS ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u00e3 h\u00f3a kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai (Public Key Infrastructure – PKI), cho ph\u00e9p thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t k\u00eanh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt gi\u1eefa hai b\u00ean truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7) tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng internet, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng gi\u1eefa tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t\/\u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL\/TLS. Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi kh\u00f3a b\u00ed m\u1eadt (Private Key) t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef b\u00ed m\u1eadt. Khi tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng client k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 b\u1eb1ng HTTPS (ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t giao th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean TLS), n\u00f3 s\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 g\u1eedi th\u00f4ng tin ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL\/TLS c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t\/client c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 SSL\/TLS t\u1eeb m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra xem ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady hay kh\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec, tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t\/client s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i. Sau khi x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9, tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t\/client s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t kh\u00f3a b\u00ed m\u1eadt ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean (kh\u00f3a phi\u00ean) \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Kh\u00f3a phi\u00ean n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 g\u1eedi l\u1ea1i cho m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f3a b\u00ed m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 kh\u00f3a phi\u00ean nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t\/client. Sau \u0111\u00f3, hai b\u00ean (tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t\/client v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7) \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft kh\u00f3a phi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong su\u1ed1t phi\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb b\u01b0\u1edbc trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f3a phi\u00ean, tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f3a phi\u00ean n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u g\u1eedi v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn qua k\u00eanh truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o truy\u1ec1n qua m\u1ea1ng c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ebfu b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7n b\u1edfi c\u00e1c b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 n\u00ean d\u00f9ng SSL\/TLS hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n

C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia an ninh m\u1ea1ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng SSL\/TLS trong c\u00e1c website v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e0ng s\u1edbm c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t, SSL\/TLS gi\u00fap m\u00e3 h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng tin truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i gi\u1eefa tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, l\u00e0m cho th\u00f4ng tin tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc hay \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t; qua \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp, th\u00f4ng tin t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n, th\u00f4ng tin th\u1ebb t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, khi trang web s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng SSL\/TLS, tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng “https” \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 trang web. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng r\u1eb1ng trang web \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t trang web kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng SSL\/TLS, tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng trang web v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c truy c\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

\"B\u1ea3o<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e1ng l\u01b0u \u00fd, t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2014, Google \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng SSL\/TLS s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng trang web trong k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 trang web s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng SSL\/TLS c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n cao h\u01a1n trong k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm, gi\u00fap t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3, t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation) \u1edf Li\u00ean minh ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng SSL\/TLS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng SSL\/TLS kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady cho trang web c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu trang web ho\u1eb7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, n\u00ean c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc tri\u1ec3n khai SSL\/TLS \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

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MiraWEB – T\u1ea1o website t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng AI trong 30 gi\u00e2y<\/span><\/h3>\n
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