{"id":15732,"date":"2023-05-05T21:13:09","date_gmt":"2023-05-05T14:13:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hostify.vn\/blog\/?p=15732"},"modified":"2023-05-05T21:13:09","modified_gmt":"2023-05-05T14:13:09","slug":"dns-record-la-gi-cac-loai-dns-pho-bien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hostify.vn\/blog\/dns-record-la-gi-cac-loai-dns-pho-bien\/","title":{"rendered":"DNS Record l\u00e0 g\u00ec? 8 lo\u1ea1i DNS Record ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1440\" height=\"910\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hostify.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/8-loai-dns-record-pho-bien-nhat.png\" class=\"wp-image-20029\" alt=\"8 lo\u1ea1i DNS Record ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hostify.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/8-loai-dns-record-pho-bien-nhat.png 1440w, https:\/\/www.hostify.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/8-loai-dns-record-pho-bien-nhat-300x190.png 300w, https:\/\/www.hostify.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/8-loai-dns-record-pho-bien-nhat-1024x647.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.hostify.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/8-loai-dns-record-pho-bien-nhat-768x485.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1440px) 100vw, 1440px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>B\u1ea3n ghi DNS (DNS Record) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n<p>B\u1ea3n ghi H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i T\u00ean mi\u1ec1n (DNS) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n sang \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP. C\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u201cb\u1ea3n ghi t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean\u201d, hay \u201ctruy v\u1ea5n DNS\u201d, b\u1ea3n ghi DNS ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c t\u1eadp tin v\u0103n b\u1ea3n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 DNS, gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i website c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn internet.<\/p>\n<h3>Tra c\u1ee9u DNS (DNS Lookup) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n<p>Khi b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadp m\u1ed9t t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n v\u00e0o tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t, m\u1ed9t truy v\u1ea5n DNS s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 DNS \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn xem t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c DNS Record c\u0169ng bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u c\u00fa ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch. Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i DNS Record ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i cho b\u1ea1n c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 n\u00e9t h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1eady c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n ghi DNS? Theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c, con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 90 lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau, m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ri\u00eang. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sai c\u00e1ch, ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a website, ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o DNS (DNS Spoofing).<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1156\" height=\"776\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hostify.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/8-loai-dns-record-pho-bien-nhat.jpeg\" class=\"wp-image-20030\" alt=\"8 lo\u1ea1i DNS Record ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hostify.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/8-loai-dns-record-pho-bien-nhat.jpeg 1156w, https:\/\/www.hostify.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/8-loai-dns-record-pho-bien-nhat-300x201.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.hostify.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/8-loai-dns-record-pho-bien-nhat-1024x687.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.hostify.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/8-loai-dns-record-pho-bien-nhat-768x516.jpeg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1156px) 100vw, 1156px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>B\u1ea3n ghi A<\/h3>\n<p>B\u1ea3n ghi A l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n ghi DNS ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tra c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP, m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi A s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IPv4 c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0u tr\u1eef t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n tr\u00ean internet. \u201cA\u201d trong b\u1ea3n ghi A l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a \u201cAddress\u201d (\u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9). Khi b\u1ea1n truy c\u1eadp m\u1ed9t website nh\u01b0 easyDMARC.com, m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi A s\u1ebd tr\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP (v4). C\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn easyDMARC.com s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IPv4 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi A kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n ghi A cho c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1t sinh l\u1ed7i. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, m\u1ed7i t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi A \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP gi\u1ed1ng nhau. M\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi A ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ea5p cao ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong RFC 1035. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng b\u1ea3n ghi A.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>cybersecurity.com<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n ghi<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>TTL<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>@<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>A<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>192.168.10.1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>14400<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>B\u1ea3n ghi AAAA<\/h3>\n<p>B\u1ea3n ghi AAAA l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i DNS Record ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u00e1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n ghi A. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi AAAA s\u1ebd tr\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IPv6 c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 DNS thay v\u00ec IPv4. B\u1ea3n ghi AAAA cho ph\u00e9p m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch DNS bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn website. D\u00f9 \u00edt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n, b\u1ea3n ghi AAAA ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed5 c\u1eadp to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IPv6. IPv6 l\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 d\u00e0i h\u01a1n v4. Gi\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3n ghi A, nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n ghi AAAA c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>cybersecurity.com<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n ghi<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>TTL<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>@<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>AAAA<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2010:0ca8:89b3:0001:4010:8b2c:0450:7245.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>14400<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>B\u1ea3n ghi CNAME<\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi CNAME (Canonical Name) l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n ghi DNS tr\u1ecf m\u1ed9t t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n alias (m\u1ed9t subdomain ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n kh\u00e1c) \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. B\u1ea3n ghi CNAME th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 m\u1ed9t t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n alias \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh ch\u1ee9a b\u1ea3n ghi A ho\u1eb7c AAAA.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi CNAME c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 web <a href=\"http:\/\/www.easydmarc.ca\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.easyDMARC.ca<\/a> \u0111\u1ebfn website ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.easydmarc.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.easyDMARC.com<\/a>, gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed c\u1ea3 hai t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1edf h\u1eefu b\u1edfi c\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng ty ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ea3n ghi CNAME h\u1eefu \u00edch khi website c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u subdomain. M\u1ed7i subdomain tr\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n g\u1ed1c c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a b\u1ea3n ghi A ho\u1eb7c AAAA.<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt b\u1ea3n ghi CNAME c\u1ee7a subdomain. B\u1edfi ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n g\u1ed1c, ch\u1ec9 b\u1ea3n ghi AAAA ho\u1eb7c A c\u1ee7a t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n g\u1ed1c m\u1edbi c\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n ghi CNAME:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1ea3n ghi CNAME v\u00e0o t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n g\u1ed1c<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ea3n ghi CNAME ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n tr\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n kh\u00e1c ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP.<\/li>\n<li>Tr\u1ecf b\u1ea3n ghi CNAME \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3n ghi CNAME kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 thi, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ghi NS v\u00e0 MX kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi CNAME.<\/li>\n<li>M\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi CNAME kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n ghi t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c c\u00f9ng t\u00ean (A, MX\u2026) ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ghi DNSSEC nh\u01b0 NSEC v\u00e0 RRSIG.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>B\u1ea3n ghi PTR DNS<\/h3>\n<p>B\u1ea3n ghi Pointer (PTR) ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. N\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n ghi A, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong tra c\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c DNS.<\/p>\n<p>Tra c\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c DNS l\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n li\u00ean k\u1ebft. C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ghi PTR l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IPv4 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IPv6 th\u00ec c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c ph\u00e2n theo tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ea3n ghi PTR th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng spam. Khi b\u1ea1n g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t email, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn email s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3n ghi PTR trong email \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra xem m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 g\u1eedi email c\u00f3 tr\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP m\u00e0 n\u00f3 t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn hay kh\u00f4ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c host.<\/p>\n<h3>B\u1ea3n ghi NS<\/h3>\n<p>B\u1ea3n ghi Nameserver (NS) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i DNS Record trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 Authoritative DNS c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c subdomain c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. N\u00f3 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho bi\u1ebft m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 DNS n\u00e0o l\u01b0u tr\u1eef t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u1eadp tin v\u00f9ng (zone file) th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c DNS Record c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<p>Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ghi NS th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho internet v\u1ec1 nameserver ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 DNS c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u1ea1p website n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi NS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u nameserver c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.<\/p>\n<p>Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nameserver ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u nameserver th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p mang c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ghi DNS t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ch\u00ednh. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, khi nameserver ch\u00ednh ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n DNS. M\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi NS kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n alias ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3n ghi CNAME.<\/p>\n<p>D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi NS:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>cybersecurity.com<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n ghi<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>TTL<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>@<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>A<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>ns1.cybersecurity.com<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>21600<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>B\u1ea3n ghi MX<\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi Mail Exchange (MX) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i DNS Record s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 email. N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 email c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 email th\u00f4ng qua giao th\u1ee9c SMTP. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh b\u1ea3n ghi MX, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn mail t\u1eeb t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n email c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 email ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 duy nh\u1ea5t, trong khi s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, m\u1ed7i m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e1n m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u01b0u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho DNS tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 email v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u01b0u ti\u00ean cao nh\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. C\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao h\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean h\u1ec7 n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 kh\u00e1c ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, DNS c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea3i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 email v\u1edbi \u01b0u ti\u00ean ngang nhau. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ghi NS, b\u1ea3n ghi MX kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi CNAME ho\u1eb7c t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n alias.<\/p>\n<h3>B\u1ea3n ghi SOA<\/h3>\n<p>B\u1ea3n ghi Start of Authority (SOA) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i DNS Record ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c, trong \u0111\u00f3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 v\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c mi\u1ec1n DNS c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nameserver ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ea3n ghi SOA l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a zone transfer &#8211; quy tr\u00ecnh chia s\u1ebb c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ghi DNS gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nameserver &#8211; v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp tin v\u00f9ng DNS s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u00f3. C\u00e1c t\u1eadp tin v\u00f9ng DNS gi\u00fap h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf l\u1ed7i khi \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p. Trong quy tr\u00ecnh zone transfer, DNS d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n ghi SOA \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1eadp tin v\u00f9ng (hay nameserver ch\u00ednh) v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn li\u00ean quan c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n<p>Do \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi SOA c\u00f3 th\u00eam c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ed5 sung bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>MNAME &#8211; nameserver ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c v\u00f9ng<\/li>\n<li>RNAME &#8211; \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 email c\u1ee7a admin nameserver<\/li>\n<li>REFRESH &#8211; th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m m\u1edbi t\u1eadp tin v\u00f9ng DNS<\/li>\n<li>SERIAL &#8211; s\u1ed1 seri c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c nameserver<\/li>\n<li>RETRY &#8211; th\u1eddi gian th\u1eed l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m m\u1edbi<\/li>\n<li>EXPIRE &#8211; th\u1eddi gian kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>B\u1ea3n ghi TXT<\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi Textual (TXT) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n ghi DNS ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng chung v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n ghi DNS kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n ghi TXT. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n ghi TXT c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting, and Conformance (DMARC), Sender Policy Framework (SPF), v\u00e0 DomainKeys Identified Email (DKIM). Nh\u00ecn chung, b\u1ea3n ghi TXT c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n spam.<\/p>\n<h3>T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 DNS s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng DNS Record \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 m\u1ed9t t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. D\u00f9 nh\u1eefng quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra \u00e2m th\u1ea7m d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u1ec1n, c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ghi DNS v\u1eabn r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0 c\u1ee7a website ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 email c\u1ee7a t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n ghi DNS ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ri\u00eang, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ef1u chung l\u1ea1i, ch\u00fang gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng duy tr\u00ec ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a website m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i lo l\u1eafng c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n<h4>C\u00e1c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u201c<span>DNS Record<\/span>\u201d<\/h4>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<div class=\"AJLUJb\">\n<div data-hveid=\"CCoQAA\">\n<div class=\"s75CSd OhScic AB4Wff\">Dns\u00a0record\u00a0la g\u00ec<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td>DNS\u00a0record\u00a0check\u00a0<\/td>\n<td>DNS\u00a0record\u00a0types<\/td>\n<td>Root domain\u00a0dns record\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>SOA\u00a0record<\/td>\n<td>SRV\u00a0record<\/td>\n<td>trong dns,\u00a0record\u00a0ns c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng:<\/td>\n<td>A\u00a0record\u00a0la g\u00ec<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>B\u00e0i li\u00ean quan<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"elementor-post__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hostify.vn\/blog\/huong-dan-tro-dns-ve-dich-vu-email-pro\/\">H\u01b0\u1edbng D\u1eabn Tr\u1ecf DNS V\u1ec1 D\u1ecbch V\u1ee5 Email Pro<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"elementor-post__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hostify.vn\/blog\/cach-dung-google-public-dns-tot-nhat\/\">C\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng google public dns t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 Internet<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"elementor-post__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hostify.vn\/blog\/huong-dan-cach-bat-dns-rieng-tu-moi-nhat-hien-nay\/\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch b\u1eadt DNS ri\u00eang t\u01b0 tr\u00ean thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>B\u1ea1n \u0111ang th\u1eafc m\u1eafc DNS Record l\u00e0 g\u00ec? V\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i DNS Record (hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 DNS Record types) ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay. C\u00f9ng Hostify.vn t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nh\u00e9.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15735,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15732","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chuyen-muc-khac"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hostify.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15732","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hostify.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hostify.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hostify.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hostify.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15732"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.hostify.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15732\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hostify.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15735"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hostify.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15732"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hostify.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15732"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hostify.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15732"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}