{"id":17882,"date":"2022-11-07T14:13:52","date_gmt":"2022-11-07T07:13:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hostify.vn\/blog\/?p=17882"},"modified":"2022-11-07T14:13:52","modified_gmt":"2022-11-07T07:13:52","slug":"co-so-du-lieu-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hostify.vn\/blog\/co-so-du-lieu-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin, m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (DBMS) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ghi l\u1ea1i m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p. C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh, cho ph\u00e9p kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt, v\u00e0 truy xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ghi c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt tinh vi, ch\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e9p nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

M\u1ed9t DBMS g\u1ed3m 2 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh: c\u00e1c t\u1eadp tin ch\u1ee9a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c t\u1eadp tin \u0111\u00f3. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0o li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh, nh\u01b0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1. C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f2n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, nh\u01b0 k\u00edch c\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a t\u00ean kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u1eadn l\u1ec7nh g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f3 b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch, ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ch\u01b0a v\u00e0 g\u1eedi tr\u1ea3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch. M\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n truy xu\u1ea5t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u; m\u1ecdi l\u1ec7nh truy xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m DBMS.<\/p>\n

\"C\u01a1<\/p>\n

T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin<\/strong><\/h3>\n

DBMS \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 kho l\u01b0u tr\u1eef b\u1ea3ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng, c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 ph\u1ea3i thu, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ghi quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty. N\u00f3 t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng trong \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p; n\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng ty m\u1ea5t \u0111i c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00ec m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng, ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/h3>\n

M\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (\u0111\u00f4i l\u00fac g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ctr\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d), m\u00e3 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c. B\u1ea3ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m th\u00f4ng tin h\u1eefu \u00edch, nh\u01b0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1, nh\u00e0 kho\u2026 C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean b\u1ea3ng bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, t\u00ean, ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ec1n, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t danh m\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 (schema), <\/strong>ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 ch\u1ee9a trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. M\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f2n ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 (snippet) s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng, nh\u01b0 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 t\u00ean, ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c m\u00e3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p.<\/p>\n

Schema l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 khung m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean trang web, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a trang web v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Schema \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a b\u1eb1ng c\u00fa ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i n\u1ed9i dung tr\u00ean trang web, bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, v.v.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a DBMS<\/strong><\/h3>\n

M\u1ed9t DBMS hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 c\u00f2n cho ph\u00e9p truy xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eebng mua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o ad-hoc nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i ph\u00fat, cung c\u1ea5p cho \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin h\u1eefu \u00edch c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 g\u1ea5p r\u00fat v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

\"C\u01a1<\/p>\n

\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng, c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Trong m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebf to\u00e1n, c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng smartphone, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn. B\u1ea1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, g\u1eedi \u0111i c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ea1o, ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda, v\u00e0 truy xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng x\u1eed l\u00fd, \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb. \u0110\u1ed9i ng\u0169 IT c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ti\u1ec7n \u00edch c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 tinh ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong><\/h3>\n

H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt. \u1ede c\u1ea5p cao nh\u1ea5t, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1edfi m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u. Trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, m\u1ed7i b\u1ea3ng ri\u00eang r\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1eadt m\u00e3 ri\u00eang, do \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng truy xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3ng doanh thu\/doanh s\u1ed1.<\/p>\n

Trong b\u1ea3ng, m\u1ed7i th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 ri\u00eang r\u1ebd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ch\u00fang. Trong b\u1ea3ng nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1, t\u00ean v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem b\u1edfi m\u1ecdi nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 HR m\u1edbi xem \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cC\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/span>\u201d<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n
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csdl.edu vn<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
C\u01a1\u00a0s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u\u00a0la g\u00ec\u00a0<\/td>\ncsdl.edu.vn \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp\u00a0<\/td>\nC\u01a1\u00a0s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u\u00a0ng\u00e0nh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C\u01a1\u00a0s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u\u00a0ng\u00e0nh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c<\/td>\nCSDL<\/td>\nH\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn nh\u1eadp\u00a0c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u\u00a0ng\u00e0nh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c<\/td>\nCSDL Hanoi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

B\u00e0i li\u00ean quan<\/strong><\/p>\n